A team of researchers at the Arizona State University have found that when there are variations in the macronutrient content of our diet, the structure of the gut bacteria can change within a few days. These altered gut bacteria have been found to be involved in energy extraction and energy regulation.

They help us break-down foods we’re unable to digest. However, this help leads to increased energy absorption and, therefore, weight gain.This interesting research is still in its early stages and further research needs to be done before conclusions can be drawn.

R. Krajmalnik-Brown R et al Effects of Gut Microbes on Nutrient Absorption and Energy Regulation. Nutr in Clin Pract 2012. 27 (2): 201.